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IELTS Academic Reading Sample Test – Matching Information Question Type with deep answer key – Sample No. 1
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July 19, 2025
IELTS Reading: Matching Information Tutorial
How to Answer “Matching Information” Questions in IELTS
1
Understand the Task:
You are given several pieces of information and must find the paragraph (A, B, C, etc.) in the passage where each specific detail is mentioned. The focus is on locating specific information rather than the main idea.
2
Read the Statements First:
Quickly read all the information statements before reading the passage. This helps you know what details to look for as you scan the text.
3
Skim the Passage:
Skim through the passage to get a general idea of what each paragraph is about, but don’t read for detail yet.
4
Find Keywords:
For each statement, underline or note key words (names, dates, facts, etc.). Think about possible synonyms or paraphrased forms in the passage.
5
Scan for Information:
Scan each paragraph for the keywords or their synonyms. Use your finger or cursor to move quickly through the text.
6
Match Carefully:
When you think you’ve found the right paragraph, check if all aspects of the statement are covered in that paragraph, not just part of it.
7
Watch for Distractors:
Don’t be tricked by paragraphs that mention similar topics but don’t contain all the necessary information. Some details are only found in one paragraph.
8
Use Process of Elimination:
If you’re unsure, eliminate paragraphs where the information definitely does not appear. Narrow down your options.
9
Be Aware of Paraphrasing:
IELTS often paraphrases key information. Don’t expect the words in the statement and the passage to be identical. Focus on meaning!
10
Double-Check Your Answers:
After answering all questions, quickly review the statements and check the passage again to make sure you’ve chosen the best paragraph for each.
Example:
Information:
This paragraph mentions a government initiative that led to a dramatic increase in recycling rates.
Passage (Paragraph D): “After the launch of the national campaign in 2005, household recycling rates rose by 30% within two years.”
Correct Answer: D
This paragraph mentions a government initiative that led to a dramatic increase in recycling rates.
Passage (Paragraph D): “After the launch of the national campaign in 2005, household recycling rates rose by 30% within two years.”
Correct Answer: D
Reading Passage: The Silent Revolution: How Computers Changed the Modern World
Paragraph A
The history of computers is a chronicle of constant innovation and reinvention. Beginning as simple calculating machines, computers have become the silent architects of the modern world. Their journey from mechanical contraptions to microchip-powered devices has transformed the way individuals communicate, businesses operate, and governments function.
Paragraph B
In the early days, computers occupied entire rooms, requiring teams of experts to maintain them. These cumbersome machines were the preserve of universities, government agencies, and large corporations, used primarily for mathematical computations, codebreaking, or scientific research. Their application was limited, but the seeds of a technological revolution had been sown.
Paragraph C
The advent of the microprocessor in the 1970s marked a turning point, bringing computing power to the masses. As devices grew smaller, faster, and more affordable, a new era of personal computing dawned. The proliferation of home computers changed not only the workplace but also leisure and education, as families gained access to a world of information from their living rooms.
Paragraph D
The impact of computers on global commerce is immeasurable. Businesses have harnessed computing technology to streamline operations, optimise supply chains, and expand into digital marketplaces. From automated banking systems to complex logistics platforms, the digitalisation of commerce has enabled even small enterprises to reach international customers with unprecedented ease.
Paragraph E
Education has experienced a radical transformation in the computer age. Interactive software, online courses, and digital libraries have redefined the boundaries of the classroom. Students in remote or underserved regions can now access world-class learning resources, while teachers use data-driven tools to tailor instruction to individual needs. This technological democratisation has the potential to narrow educational inequalities across the globe.
Paragraph F
Nevertheless, the rise of computers has not been without its challenges. Concerns regarding data privacy, cybercrime, and the digital divide have accompanied the spread of technology. As society becomes ever more reliant on interconnected systems, safeguarding sensitive information and ensuring equal access remain pressing priorities for governments and technology providers alike.
Paragraph G
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning represents the latest chapter in the computer story. Algorithms now assist with medical diagnoses, power self-driving cars, and optimise energy usage in smart cities. Yet, this technological progress also raises ethical questions about decision-making, bias, and the role of humans in an increasingly automated world.
Paragraph H
Looking to the future, computers will continue to shape society in unpredictable ways. With advances in quantum computing, the potential to solve complex problems that were once considered unsolvable is within reach. Whether addressing climate change, managing global pandemics, or fostering new forms of creativity, the silent revolution ignited by computers shows no sign of abating.
Matching Information to Paragraphs
Instructions:
Match each statement (1–8) to the correct paragraph (A–H) in the passage.
Each statement gives a specific detail; find the paragraph that contains this information.
Drag the statements, or tap to select and assign on mobile.
Some paragraphs may be used more than once, or not at all.
Match each statement (1–8) to the correct paragraph (A–H) in the passage.
Each statement gives a specific detail; find the paragraph that contains this information.
Drag the statements, or tap to select and assign on mobile.
Some paragraphs may be used more than once, or not at all.
Information Statements:
1. A description of how computers helped expand small businesses into global markets.
2. Mention of early computers being large and mostly used by specialists.
3. A reference to students in remote areas accessing top educational resources online.
4. Concerns raised about privacy, cybercrime, or inequality created by computers.
5. The growing role of artificial intelligence and the ethical issues it brings.
6. The idea that new computer advances may help solve major world problems in the future.
7. How the development of microprocessors made computers widely accessible at home.
8. The transformation of computers from basic machines to powerful tools for all of society.
1
Statement 1:
Drop paragraph letter here (A–H)
2
Statement 2:
Drop paragraph letter here (A–H)
3
Statement 3:
Drop paragraph letter here (A–H)
4
Statement 4:
Drop paragraph letter here (A–H)
5
Statement 5:
Drop paragraph letter here (A–H)
6
Statement 6:
Drop paragraph letter here (A–H)
7
Statement 7:
Drop paragraph letter here (A–H)
8
Statement 8:
Drop paragraph letter here (A–H)
Answer Key & Step-by-Step Explanations
Review the correct paragraph for each information statement below. Tap/click each answer to expand a detailed explanation and see how to locate the correct information in the passage.
1. Paragraph D – Computers helped small businesses enter global markets
▶
Step-by-step explanation:
• The statement asks about computers enabling small businesses to expand into international markets.
• In Paragraph D, phrases like “businesses have harnessed computing technology to streamline operations, optimise supply chains, and expand into digital marketplaces” and “enabled even small enterprises to reach international customers with unprecedented ease” match this idea.
• Other paragraphs may mention business, but only D focuses on global commerce and small businesses reaching new markets.
• Scan for words like “commerce,” “enterprises,” “international,” and “digital marketplaces.”
• Therefore, the answer is D.
• The statement asks about computers enabling small businesses to expand into international markets.
• In Paragraph D, phrases like “businesses have harnessed computing technology to streamline operations, optimise supply chains, and expand into digital marketplaces” and “enabled even small enterprises to reach international customers with unprecedented ease” match this idea.
• Other paragraphs may mention business, but only D focuses on global commerce and small businesses reaching new markets.
• Scan for words like “commerce,” “enterprises,” “international,” and “digital marketplaces.”
• Therefore, the answer is D.
2. Paragraph B – Early computers were large and used by specialists
▶
Step-by-step explanation:
• The statement describes the early era of computers.
• Paragraph B states: “computers occupied entire rooms... the preserve of universities, government agencies, and large corporations, used primarily for mathematical computations, codebreaking, or scientific research.”
• Words like “entire rooms,” “teams of experts,” and “specialists” signal the match.
• No other paragraph gives these historical details about early computer size and user type.
• So, the answer is B.
• The statement describes the early era of computers.
• Paragraph B states: “computers occupied entire rooms... the preserve of universities, government agencies, and large corporations, used primarily for mathematical computations, codebreaking, or scientific research.”
• Words like “entire rooms,” “teams of experts,” and “specialists” signal the match.
• No other paragraph gives these historical details about early computer size and user type.
• So, the answer is B.
3. Paragraph E – Remote students access top resources online
▶
Step-by-step explanation:
• The focus is on students in remote areas using computers for education.
• Paragraph E says: “Students in remote or underserved regions can now access world-class learning resources.”
• “Digital libraries,” “online courses,” and “redefined boundaries of the classroom” confirm the education context.
• No other paragraph describes this impact on remote education.
• The answer is E.
• The focus is on students in remote areas using computers for education.
• Paragraph E says: “Students in remote or underserved regions can now access world-class learning resources.”
• “Digital libraries,” “online courses,” and “redefined boundaries of the classroom” confirm the education context.
• No other paragraph describes this impact on remote education.
• The answer is E.
4. Paragraph F – Concerns about privacy, cybercrime, inequality
▶
Step-by-step explanation:
• The statement mentions social and technological problems related to computers.
• Paragraph F discusses “data privacy, cybercrime, and the digital divide,” as well as issues with equal access and safeguarding sensitive information.
• Other paragraphs may touch on challenges, but only F specifically lists these three concerns.
• Key words: “privacy,” “cybercrime,” “digital divide.”
• Therefore, answer is F.
• The statement mentions social and technological problems related to computers.
• Paragraph F discusses “data privacy, cybercrime, and the digital divide,” as well as issues with equal access and safeguarding sensitive information.
• Other paragraphs may touch on challenges, but only F specifically lists these three concerns.
• Key words: “privacy,” “cybercrime,” “digital divide.”
• Therefore, answer is F.
5. Paragraph G – AI and ethical issues
▶
Step-by-step explanation:
• The statement looks for information about artificial intelligence (AI) and ethics.
• Paragraph G says: “The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning...” and “raises ethical questions about decision-making, bias, and the role of humans.”
• Scan for words: “AI,” “machine learning,” “ethical questions.”
• Only G covers both the new technology and its moral implications.
• So, the answer is G.
• The statement looks for information about artificial intelligence (AI) and ethics.
• Paragraph G says: “The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning...” and “raises ethical questions about decision-making, bias, and the role of humans.”
• Scan for words: “AI,” “machine learning,” “ethical questions.”
• Only G covers both the new technology and its moral implications.
• So, the answer is G.
6. Paragraph H – Future computer advances and global problems
▶
Step-by-step explanation:
• This statement looks for a future perspective—how computers may help solve big global issues.
• Paragraph H mentions “advances in quantum computing,” and “potential to solve complex problems... once considered unsolvable.”
• Examples: “climate change,” “pandemics,” and “creativity” are given as areas where computers will help.
• H is the only paragraph about the future and world problems.
• Therefore, answer is H.
• This statement looks for a future perspective—how computers may help solve big global issues.
• Paragraph H mentions “advances in quantum computing,” and “potential to solve complex problems... once considered unsolvable.”
• Examples: “climate change,” “pandemics,” and “creativity” are given as areas where computers will help.
• H is the only paragraph about the future and world problems.
• Therefore, answer is H.
7. Paragraph C – Microprocessors & home computing
▶
Step-by-step explanation:
• Focus: microprocessor development making computers widely accessible at home.
• Paragraph C states: “The advent of the microprocessor... a new era of personal computing dawned... proliferation of home computers.”
• “Smaller, faster, affordable,” and “families gained access... from their living rooms.”
• C is the only paragraph to discuss home computers and microprocessors.
• The answer is C.
• Focus: microprocessor development making computers widely accessible at home.
• Paragraph C states: “The advent of the microprocessor... a new era of personal computing dawned... proliferation of home computers.”
• “Smaller, faster, affordable,” and “families gained access... from their living rooms.”
• C is the only paragraph to discuss home computers and microprocessors.
• The answer is C.
8. Paragraph A – From simple machines to powerful tools for society
▶
Step-by-step explanation:
• The statement summarizes computers evolving for all of society.
• Paragraph A: “The history of computers is a chronicle of constant innovation... transformed the way individuals communicate, businesses operate, and governments function.”
• “Simple calculating machines” becoming “silent architects of the modern world.”
• No other paragraph gives the overall story from humble beginnings to global impact.
• The answer is A.
• The statement summarizes computers evolving for all of society.
• Paragraph A: “The history of computers is a chronicle of constant innovation... transformed the way individuals communicate, businesses operate, and governments function.”
• “Simple calculating machines” becoming “silent architects of the modern world.”
• No other paragraph gives the overall story from humble beginnings to global impact.
• The answer is A.
Top 20 Hardest Words in the Passage
Tap/click a word to see its meaning, patterns, usage, and common mistakes.
chronicle
/ˈkrɒn.ɪ.kəl/ (BrE) /ˈkrɑː.nɪ.kəl/ (AmE)
Part(s) of speech: noun, verb
Word pattern(s): a chronicle of sth; to chronicle events
Definition: (n) A detailed record of events in order; (v) To record events.
Example: "The history of computers is a chronicle of constant innovation." (Meaning: a detailed record.)
More common synonym: record, history
Common mistakes: Used as a verb, not "chronicle about".
Word pattern(s): a chronicle of sth; to chronicle events
Definition: (n) A detailed record of events in order; (v) To record events.
Example: "The history of computers is a chronicle of constant innovation." (Meaning: a detailed record.)
More common synonym: record, history
Common mistakes: Used as a verb, not "chronicle about".
innovation
/ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/ (BrE/AmE)
Part(s) of speech: noun
Word pattern(s): foster/drive innovation; innovation in sth
Definition: The introduction of new ideas, methods, or devices.
Example: "constant innovation and reinvention."
More common synonym: invention
Common mistakes: "Innovation" is a process, not a single product.
Word pattern(s): foster/drive innovation; innovation in sth
Definition: The introduction of new ideas, methods, or devices.
Example: "constant innovation and reinvention."
More common synonym: invention
Common mistakes: "Innovation" is a process, not a single product.
contraptions
/kənˈtræp.ʃənz/ (BrE/AmE)
Part(s) of speech: noun (plural)
Word pattern(s): strange/old contraptions
Definition: Unusual or complicated devices or machines.
Example: "mechanical contraptions to microchip-powered devices."
More common synonym: gadgets, devices
Common mistakes: Not for people.
Word pattern(s): strange/old contraptions
Definition: Unusual or complicated devices or machines.
Example: "mechanical contraptions to microchip-powered devices."
More common synonym: gadgets, devices
Common mistakes: Not for people.
proliferation
/prəˌlɪf.əˈreɪ.ʃən/ (BrE/AmE)
Part(s) of speech: noun
Word pattern(s): proliferation of sth
Definition: A rapid increase in number or spread of something.
Example: "The proliferation of home computers..."
More common synonym: spread, explosion
Common mistakes: Often misspelled.
Word pattern(s): proliferation of sth
Definition: A rapid increase in number or spread of something.
Example: "The proliferation of home computers..."
More common synonym: spread, explosion
Common mistakes: Often misspelled.
democratisation
/dɪˌmɒk.rə.taɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ (BrE) /dɪˌmɑː.krə.t̬əˈzeɪ.ʃən/ (AmE)
Part(s) of speech: noun
Word pattern(s): democratisation of sth
Definition: The process of making something accessible to all people.
Example: "technological democratisation..."
More common synonym: equalisation
Common mistakes: Often used for politics only.
Word pattern(s): democratisation of sth
Definition: The process of making something accessible to all people.
Example: "technological democratisation..."
More common synonym: equalisation
Common mistakes: Often used for politics only.
inequalities
/ˌɪn.ɪˈkwɒl.ə.tiz/ (BrE) /ˌɪn.ɪˈkwɑː.lə.tiz/ (AmE)
Part(s) of speech: noun (plural)
Word pattern(s): social/educational/economic inequalities
Definition: Differences that are unfair or unjust.
Example: "to narrow educational inequalities..."
More common synonym: disparities
Common mistakes: "Inequality" for one issue, "inequalities" for several.
Word pattern(s): social/educational/economic inequalities
Definition: Differences that are unfair or unjust.
Example: "to narrow educational inequalities..."
More common synonym: disparities
Common mistakes: "Inequality" for one issue, "inequalities" for several.
interconnected
/ˌɪn.tə.kəˈnek.tɪd/ (BrE/AmE)
Part(s) of speech: adjective
Word pattern(s): interconnected systems/networks
Definition: With parts that are joined or related.
Example: "ever more reliant on interconnected systems..."
More common synonym: linked, related
Common mistakes: Not for people’s emotions.
Word pattern(s): interconnected systems/networks
Definition: With parts that are joined or related.
Example: "ever more reliant on interconnected systems..."
More common synonym: linked, related
Common mistakes: Not for people’s emotions.
preserve
/prɪˈzɜːv/ (BrE) /prɪˈzɝːv/ (AmE)
Part(s) of speech: verb, noun
Word pattern(s): preserve sth; preserve for sb
Definition: To keep something in its original state; protect from harm.
Example: "preserve the memory of our collective past."
More common synonym: protect, save
Common mistakes: Not the same as “reserve” (to book).
Word pattern(s): preserve sth; preserve for sb
Definition: To keep something in its original state; protect from harm.
Example: "preserve the memory of our collective past."
More common synonym: protect, save
Common mistakes: Not the same as “reserve” (to book).
harnessed
/ˈhɑː.nɪst/ (BrE) /ˈhɑːr.nɪst/ (AmE)
Part(s) of speech: verb (past)
Word pattern(s): harness energy/power/technology
Definition: Controlled and used (something) for a purpose.
Example: "businesses have harnessed computing technology..."
More common synonym: used, utilized
Common mistakes: "harnest" (misspelling).
Word pattern(s): harness energy/power/technology
Definition: Controlled and used (something) for a purpose.
Example: "businesses have harnessed computing technology..."
More common synonym: used, utilized
Common mistakes: "harnest" (misspelling).
logistics
/ləˈdʒɪs.tɪks/ (BrE/AmE)
Part(s) of speech: noun (plural, treated as singular)
Word pattern(s): logistics of sth; logistics platform
Definition: The planning and management of how goods are moved and stored.
Example: "complex logistics platforms..."
More common synonym: supply chain
Common mistakes: "logistic" for the noun.
Word pattern(s): logistics of sth; logistics platform
Definition: The planning and management of how goods are moved and stored.
Example: "complex logistics platforms..."
More common synonym: supply chain
Common mistakes: "logistic" for the noun.
radical
/ˈræd.ɪ.kəl/ (BrE/AmE)
Part(s) of speech: adjective, noun
Word pattern(s): radical transformation/change
Definition: Extreme or far-reaching; fundamental.
Example: "a radical transformation in the computer age."
More common synonym: fundamental, extreme
Common mistakes: Used as slang (not academic).
Word pattern(s): radical transformation/change
Definition: Extreme or far-reaching; fundamental.
Example: "a radical transformation in the computer age."
More common synonym: fundamental, extreme
Common mistakes: Used as slang (not academic).
tailor
/ˈteɪ.lər/ (BrE) /ˈteɪ.lɚ/ (AmE)
Part(s) of speech: verb, noun
Word pattern(s): tailor sth to sb/sth
Definition: To adapt or customize for a specific purpose.
Example: "teachers use data-driven tools to tailor instruction..."
More common synonym: adapt, customize
Common mistakes: Not just for making clothes.
Word pattern(s): tailor sth to sb/sth
Definition: To adapt or customize for a specific purpose.
Example: "teachers use data-driven tools to tailor instruction..."
More common synonym: adapt, customize
Common mistakes: Not just for making clothes.
underserved
/ˌʌn.dəˈsɜːvd/ (BrE) /ˌʌn.dɚˈsɝːvd/ (AmE)
Part(s) of speech: adjective
Word pattern(s): underserved region/area/group
Definition: Lacking enough resources or services.
Example: "students in remote or underserved regions..."
More common synonym: disadvantaged
Common mistakes: Not “unserved” (not served at all).
Word pattern(s): underserved region/area/group
Definition: Lacking enough resources or services.
Example: "students in remote or underserved regions..."
More common synonym: disadvantaged
Common mistakes: Not “unserved” (not served at all).
data-driven
/ˈdeɪ.tə ˈdrɪv.ən/ (BrE) /ˈdeɪ.t̬ə ˈdrɪv.ən/ (AmE)
Part(s) of speech: adjective
Word pattern(s): data-driven decision/approach/tools
Definition: Based on information and analysis, not opinions.
Example: "data-driven tools to tailor instruction..."
More common synonym: analytical
Common mistakes: Not "data driving".
Word pattern(s): data-driven decision/approach/tools
Definition: Based on information and analysis, not opinions.
Example: "data-driven tools to tailor instruction..."
More common synonym: analytical
Common mistakes: Not "data driving".
accompanied
/əˈkʌm.pə.nid/ (BrE/AmE)
Part(s) of speech: verb (past/participle)
Word pattern(s): accompanied by sth
Definition: Happening together with; went along with.
Example: "concerns... have accompanied the spread of technology."
More common synonym: went with
Common mistakes: Not “company” (the noun).
Word pattern(s): accompanied by sth
Definition: Happening together with; went along with.
Example: "concerns... have accompanied the spread of technology."
More common synonym: went with
Common mistakes: Not “company” (the noun).
safeguarding
/ˈseɪf.ɡɑːd.ɪŋ/ (BrE) /ˈseɪf.ɡɑːr.dɪŋ/ (AmE)
Part(s) of speech: verb (present participle/noun)
Word pattern(s): safeguarding sth
Definition: Protecting from harm, danger, or loss.
Example: "safeguarding sensitive information..."
More common synonym: protecting
Common mistakes: Not for “keeping safe” in all situations.
Word pattern(s): safeguarding sth
Definition: Protecting from harm, danger, or loss.
Example: "safeguarding sensitive information..."
More common synonym: protecting
Common mistakes: Not for “keeping safe” in all situations.
accompanied
/əˈkʌm.pə.nid/ (BrE/AmE)
Part(s) of speech: verb (past/participle)
Word pattern(s): accompanied by sth
Definition: Happened together with something else.
Example: "concerns... have accompanied the spread of technology."
More common synonym: went with
Common mistakes: Not the same as “company”.
Word pattern(s): accompanied by sth
Definition: Happened together with something else.
Example: "concerns... have accompanied the spread of technology."
More common synonym: went with
Common mistakes: Not the same as “company”.
bias
/ˈbaɪ.əs/ (BrE/AmE)
Part(s) of speech: noun, verb
Word pattern(s): bias against/for; to bias sth
Definition: An unfair preference or dislike; to influence unfairly.
Example: "raises ethical questions about decision-making, bias..."
More common synonym: prejudice
Common mistakes: “Biased” is the adjective.
Word pattern(s): bias against/for; to bias sth
Definition: An unfair preference or dislike; to influence unfairly.
Example: "raises ethical questions about decision-making, bias..."
More common synonym: prejudice
Common mistakes: “Biased” is the adjective.
abating
/əˈbeɪ.tɪŋ/ (BrE/AmE)
Part(s) of speech: verb (present participle)
Word pattern(s): show no sign of abating
Definition: Becoming less strong or intense.
Example: "shows no sign of abating."
More common synonym: lessening, subsiding
Common mistakes: Not “abandoning.”
Word pattern(s): show no sign of abating
Definition: Becoming less strong or intense.
Example: "shows no sign of abating."
More common synonym: lessening, subsiding
Common mistakes: Not “abandoning.”
quantum computing
/ˈkwɒn.təm kəmˈpjuː.tɪŋ/ (BrE) /ˈkwɑːn.təm kəmˈpjuː.t̬ɪŋ/ (AmE)
Part(s) of speech: noun phrase
Word pattern(s): advances in quantum computing
Definition: Advanced computing using quantum-mechanical phenomena, promising much greater power than current computers.
Example: "advances in quantum computing..."
More common synonym: (none common)
Common mistakes: Used for any advanced computer (not correct).
Word pattern(s): advances in quantum computing
Definition: Advanced computing using quantum-mechanical phenomena, promising much greater power than current computers.
Example: "advances in quantum computing..."
More common synonym: (none common)
Common mistakes: Used for any advanced computer (not correct).
Top 20 Hardest Phrases & Expressions
Tap/click any phrase or expression to reveal its meaning, synonyms, and usage advice.
the silent architects of the modern world
/ðə ˈsaɪ.lənt ˈɑː.kɪ.tektz əv ðə ˈmɒd.ən wɜːld/ (BrE) /ðə ˈsaɪ.lənt ˈɑːr.kɪ.tektz əv ðə ˈmɑː.dɚn wɝːld/ (AmE)
Parts of speech: noun phrase
Word pattern(s): act as the architects of sth
Definition: The hidden or unnoticed creators behind great changes in society.
Example: "computers have become the silent architects of the modern world."
More common synonym: unseen creators
Common mistakes: Not a set idiom—used figuratively.
Word pattern(s): act as the architects of sth
Definition: The hidden or unnoticed creators behind great changes in society.
Example: "computers have become the silent architects of the modern world."
More common synonym: unseen creators
Common mistakes: Not a set idiom—used figuratively.
occupied entire rooms
/ˈɒk.jʊ.paɪd ɪnˈtaɪə ruːmz/ (BrE) /ˈɑː.kjə.paɪd ɪnˈtaɪr ruːmz/ (AmE)
Parts of speech: verb phrase
Word pattern(s): sth occupied entire rooms
Definition: Took up all the space in a room.
Example: "computers occupied entire rooms..."
More common synonym: filled whole rooms
Common mistakes: Not used for people.
Word pattern(s): sth occupied entire rooms
Definition: Took up all the space in a room.
Example: "computers occupied entire rooms..."
More common synonym: filled whole rooms
Common mistakes: Not used for people.
seeds of a technological revolution had been sown
/siːdz əv ə ˌtek.nəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl ˌrɛv.əˈluː.ʃən hæd bɪn səʊn/ (BrE) /siːdz əv ə ˌtek.nəˈlɑː.dʒɪ.kəl ˌrɛv.əˈluː.ʃən hæd bɪn soʊn/ (AmE)
Parts of speech: idiomatic verb phrase
Word pattern(s): seeds of sth had/have been sown
Definition: The first actions that will later cause big changes.
Example: "the seeds of a technological revolution had been sown."
More common synonym: beginnings were started
Common mistakes: Not “shown” (should be “sown”—like planting).
Word pattern(s): seeds of sth had/have been sown
Definition: The first actions that will later cause big changes.
Example: "the seeds of a technological revolution had been sown."
More common synonym: beginnings were started
Common mistakes: Not “shown” (should be “sown”—like planting).
marked a turning point
/mɑːkt ə ˈtɜː.nɪŋ pɔɪnt/ (BrE) /mɑːrkt ə ˈtɝː.nɪŋ pɔɪnt/ (AmE)
Parts of speech: verb phrase
Word pattern(s): sth marked a turning point
Definition: Showed when a big change started.
Example: "the advent of the microprocessor in the 1970s marked a turning point..."
More common synonym: signaled a big change
Common mistakes: Should be used for events, not people.
Word pattern(s): sth marked a turning point
Definition: Showed when a big change started.
Example: "the advent of the microprocessor in the 1970s marked a turning point..."
More common synonym: signaled a big change
Common mistakes: Should be used for events, not people.
personal computing dawned
/ˈpɜː.sən.əl kəmˈpjuː.tɪŋ dɔːnd/ (BrE) /ˈpɝː.sən.əl kəmˈpjuː.t̬ɪŋ dɔːnd/ (AmE)
Parts of speech: noun phrase
Word pattern(s): era/age/dawn of personal computing
Definition: The beginning of the time when many people had computers at home.
Example: "a new era of personal computing dawned."
More common synonym: home computing started
Common mistakes: “Dawned” is for new beginnings, not light.
Word pattern(s): era/age/dawn of personal computing
Definition: The beginning of the time when many people had computers at home.
Example: "a new era of personal computing dawned."
More common synonym: home computing started
Common mistakes: “Dawned” is for new beginnings, not light.
access to a world of information
/ˈæk.sɛs tə ə wɜːld əv ˌɪn.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən/ (BrE/AmE)
Parts of speech: noun phrase
Word pattern(s): gain/have/access to a world of information
Definition: The ability to reach a lot of knowledge and facts.
Example: "families gained access to a world of information from their living rooms."
More common synonym: access to lots of information
Common mistakes: Use “to,” not “for.”
Word pattern(s): gain/have/access to a world of information
Definition: The ability to reach a lot of knowledge and facts.
Example: "families gained access to a world of information from their living rooms."
More common synonym: access to lots of information
Common mistakes: Use “to,” not “for.”
streamline operations
/ˈstriːm.laɪn ˌɒp.əˈreɪ.ʃənz/ (BrE) /ˈstriːm.laɪn ˌɑː.pəˈreɪ.ʃənz/ (AmE)
Parts of speech: verb phrase
Word pattern(s): streamline operations/processes/work
Definition: Make business activities more efficient.
Example: "Businesses have harnessed computing technology to streamline operations..."
More common synonym: make work more efficient
Common mistakes: Not “stream” alone.
Word pattern(s): streamline operations/processes/work
Definition: Make business activities more efficient.
Example: "Businesses have harnessed computing technology to streamline operations..."
More common synonym: make work more efficient
Common mistakes: Not “stream” alone.
unprecedented ease
/ʌnˈprɛs.ɪˌdɛntɪd iːz/ (BrE/AmE)
Parts of speech: adjective + noun
Word pattern(s): with unprecedented ease
Definition: Easier than ever before.
Example: "reach international customers with unprecedented ease."
More common synonym: very easily
Common mistakes: Not “unpresented.”
Word pattern(s): with unprecedented ease
Definition: Easier than ever before.
Example: "reach international customers with unprecedented ease."
More common synonym: very easily
Common mistakes: Not “unpresented.”
redefined the boundaries of the classroom
/ˌriː.dɪˈfaɪnd ðə ˈbaʊn.dər.iz əv ðə ˈklɑːs.ruːm/ (BrE) /ˌriː.dɪˈfaɪnd ðə ˈbaʊn.dər.iz əv ðə ˈklæs.ruːm/ (AmE)
Parts of speech: verb phrase
Word pattern(s): redefined the boundaries of sth
Definition: Changed the limits or scope of what is possible in education.
Example: "digital libraries have redefined the boundaries of the classroom."
More common synonym: changed what’s possible
Common mistakes: “Redefined” is not for people’s roles.
Word pattern(s): redefined the boundaries of sth
Definition: Changed the limits or scope of what is possible in education.
Example: "digital libraries have redefined the boundaries of the classroom."
More common synonym: changed what’s possible
Common mistakes: “Redefined” is not for people’s roles.
tailor instruction to individual needs
/ˈteɪ.lər ɪnˈstrʌk.ʃən tə ˌɪn.dɪˈvɪdʒ.u.əl niːdz/ (BrE/AmE)
Parts of speech: verb phrase
Word pattern(s): tailor instruction to sth
Definition: Adapt teaching methods for each student.
Example: "teachers use data-driven tools to tailor instruction to individual needs."
More common synonym: adapt teaching
Common mistakes: “Tailor” used for clothing only.
Word pattern(s): tailor instruction to sth
Definition: Adapt teaching methods for each student.
Example: "teachers use data-driven tools to tailor instruction to individual needs."
More common synonym: adapt teaching
Common mistakes: “Tailor” used for clothing only.
spread of technology
/sprɛd əv tɛkˈnɒl.ə.dʒi/ (BrE) /sprɛd əv tɛkˈnɑː.lə.dʒi/ (AmE)
Parts of speech: noun phrase
Word pattern(s): the spread of sth
Definition: Technology being used more and more by people.
Example: "concerns... have accompanied the spread of technology."
More common synonym: growth of technology
Common mistakes: “Spreading” is a verb.
Word pattern(s): the spread of sth
Definition: Technology being used more and more by people.
Example: "concerns... have accompanied the spread of technology."
More common synonym: growth of technology
Common mistakes: “Spreading” is a verb.
pressing priorities
/ˈprɛs.ɪŋ praɪˈɒr.ɪ.tiz/ (BrE) /ˈprɛs.ɪŋ praɪˈɔːr.ə.tiz/ (AmE)
Parts of speech: adjective + noun
Word pattern(s): pressing priority/priorities
Definition: Things that need attention immediately.
Example: "remain pressing priorities for governments and technology providers."
More common synonym: urgent needs
Common mistakes: Not “press priorities.”
Word pattern(s): pressing priority/priorities
Definition: Things that need attention immediately.
Example: "remain pressing priorities for governments and technology providers."
More common synonym: urgent needs
Common mistakes: Not “press priorities.”
the latest chapter
/ðə ˈleɪ.tɪst ˈtʃæp.tər/ (BrE) /ðə ˈleɪ.tɪst ˈtʃæp.tɚ/ (AmE)
Parts of speech: noun phrase
Word pattern(s): the latest/next chapter (in/of sth)
Definition: The newest development in a long process.
Example: "represents the latest chapter in the computer story."
More common synonym: new stage
Common mistakes: Not about books only.
Word pattern(s): the latest/next chapter (in/of sth)
Definition: The newest development in a long process.
Example: "represents the latest chapter in the computer story."
More common synonym: new stage
Common mistakes: Not about books only.
raises ethical questions
/ˈreɪ.zɪz ˈɛθ.ɪ.kəl ˈkwɛs.tʃənz/ (BrE/AmE)
Parts of speech: verb phrase
Word pattern(s): sth raises ethical questions
Definition: Makes people think about what is right or wrong.
Example: "raises ethical questions about decision-making, bias..."
More common synonym: brings up moral issues
Common mistakes: “Rise” (incorrect) instead of “raise.”
Word pattern(s): sth raises ethical questions
Definition: Makes people think about what is right or wrong.
Example: "raises ethical questions about decision-making, bias..."
More common synonym: brings up moral issues
Common mistakes: “Rise” (incorrect) instead of “raise.”
role of humans in an increasingly automated world
/rəʊl əv ˈhjuː.mənz ɪn æn ɪnˈkriː.sɪŋ.li ˈɔː.tə.meɪ.tɪd wɜːld/ (BrE) /roʊl əv ˈhjuː.mənz ɪn æn ɪnˈkriː.sɪŋ.li ˈɑː.t̬ə.meɪ.t̬ɪd wɝːld/ (AmE)
Parts of speech: noun phrase
Word pattern(s): the role of sb/sth in...
Definition: What people do in a world where machines do more and more.
Example: "the role of humans in an increasingly automated world."
More common synonym: people’s place in a high-tech society
Common mistakes: Not “automatized.”
Word pattern(s): the role of sb/sth in...
Definition: What people do in a world where machines do more and more.
Example: "the role of humans in an increasingly automated world."
More common synonym: people’s place in a high-tech society
Common mistakes: Not “automatized.”
shape society in unpredictable ways
/ʃeɪp səˈsaɪ.ə.ti ɪn ˌʌn.prɪˈdɪk.tə.bəl weɪz/ (BrE/AmE)
Parts of speech: verb phrase
Word pattern(s): shape society/industry/world in ways
Definition: Affect society in ways that can’t be foreseen.
Example: "will continue to shape society in unpredictable ways."
More common synonym: change society unexpectedly
Common mistakes: “In” needed for the phrase.
Word pattern(s): shape society/industry/world in ways
Definition: Affect society in ways that can’t be foreseen.
Example: "will continue to shape society in unpredictable ways."
More common synonym: change society unexpectedly
Common mistakes: “In” needed for the phrase.
solve complex problems
/sɒlv ˈkɒm.pleks ˈprɒb.ləmz/ (BrE) /sɑːlv ˈkɑːm.pleks ˈprɑːb.ləmz/ (AmE)
Parts of speech: verb phrase
Word pattern(s): solve complex/major problems
Definition: Find solutions for difficult issues.
Example: "the potential to solve complex problems..."
More common synonym: fix tough problems
Common mistakes: “Solution” is a noun, not a verb.
Word pattern(s): solve complex/major problems
Definition: Find solutions for difficult issues.
Example: "the potential to solve complex problems..."
More common synonym: fix tough problems
Common mistakes: “Solution” is a noun, not a verb.
shows no sign of abating
/ʃəʊz nəʊ saɪn əv əˈbeɪ.tɪŋ/ (BrE) /ʃoʊz noʊ saɪn əv əˈbeɪ.tɪŋ/ (AmE)
Parts of speech: verb phrase
Word pattern(s): show(s) no sign of abating
Definition: Not becoming weaker or stopping.
Example: "shows no sign of abating."
More common synonym: doesn’t seem to be ending
Common mistakes: Not “abandoning.”
Word pattern(s): show(s) no sign of abating
Definition: Not becoming weaker or stopping.
Example: "shows no sign of abating."
More common synonym: doesn’t seem to be ending
Common mistakes: Not “abandoning.”
within reach
/wɪˈðɪn riːtʃ/ (BrE/AmE)
Parts of speech: prepositional phrase
Word pattern(s): sth is within reach
Definition: Possible or achievable.
Example: "the potential to solve complex problems... is within reach."
More common synonym: possible
Common mistakes: Not “with in reach.”
Word pattern(s): sth is within reach
Definition: Possible or achievable.
Example: "the potential to solve complex problems... is within reach."
More common synonym: possible
Common mistakes: Not “with in reach.”
shows no sign of abating
/ʃəʊz nəʊ saɪn əv əˈbeɪ.tɪŋ/ (BrE/AmE)
Parts of speech: verb phrase
Word pattern(s): show(s) no sign of abating
Definition: Not becoming weaker or stopping.
Example: "shows no sign of abating."
More common synonym: doesn’t seem to be ending
Common mistakes: Not “abandoning.”
Word pattern(s): show(s) no sign of abating
Definition: Not becoming weaker or stopping.
Example: "shows no sign of abating."
More common synonym: doesn’t seem to be ending
Common mistakes: Not “abandoning.”
Practice Exercise 1: Key Words & Phrases
Choose the best answer for each question. Submit to see instant feedback and detailed explanations.
1. Which word best completes the sentence?
The ______ of mobile technology has reshaped the way people work and communicate.
The ______ of mobile technology has reshaped the way people work and communicate.
2. "Proliferation" most nearly means:
3. "Marked a turning point" means:
4. Which phrase describes "being able to get lots of knowledge easily"?
5. "Inequalities" refers to:
6. "Safeguarding" data means:
7. Which best matches the meaning of "raises ethical questions"?
8. "Within reach" means something is:
9. Which phrase refers to making something suitable for each person?
10. If something "shows no sign of abating," it:
Practice Exercise 2: Advanced Words & Expressions
Test your understanding with these challenging questions. Select your answer, then show all explanations for feedback.
1. "Streamline operations" in a company means:
2. If something is described as "radical," it is:
3. What does "unprecedented ease" mean?
4. Which is closest in meaning to "bias"?
5. The "role of humans in an increasingly automated world" refers to:
6. Which phrase means "the very first actions that lead to big changes later"?
7. To "preserve" historical records means to:
8. "Data-driven" tools are based on:
9. What is "quantum computing"?
10. "Redefined the boundaries of the classroom" means:
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